This group of bacteria is used as an indicator of fecal pollution. Total coliform serves as a common indicator of water quality, showing the cleanliness level of water from various organism sources. An average concentration of 14.52 indicates the level of these bacteria in river water.

3. Ammonia (NH3)

Ammonia is one form of inorganic nitrogen that is easily soluble in water. The source of ammonia in river water or other water bodies comes from ammonification processes, namely the breakdown of organic nitrogen (protein and urea) and inorganic nitrogen in soil and water, originating from the decomposition of organic matter by microbes and fungi. An average concentration of 8.06 indicates the presence of ammonia in water.

River water pollution needs to be addressed promptly, as it can cause holistic damage, ranging from decreased environmental aesthetics due to foul-smelling and turbid river water, soil quality degradation, damage and extinction of river ecosystems and biota, to the emergence of diseases and health threats to humans and animals.

Ways to Minimize River Pollution in Jakarta

There are several ways you can minimize river pollution in Jakarta. You can start with the following simple steps.

• Dispose of waste properly
  
  Avoid throwing waste into rivers or other water bodies. Dumping waste into rivers can cause the water to become turbid and odorous. Also, learn how to properly manage waste, such as separating recyclable from non-recyclable waste.
   
• Clean rivers regularly
  
  Regular river cleaning is essential to restore cleanliness after being polluted by waste. In Jakarta, routine river cleaning is usually carried out by the Water Management Waste Unit of The Environmental Agency of Jakarta. However, as a Smartcitizen, you can also contribute to city cleanliness by cleaning small-scale rivers or water bodies around your home.
   
• Report littering into rivers through JAKI
  
  Another important effort in maintaining river cleanliness in Jakarta is to report littering into rivers when observed. Reporting can be done through the Citizen Report feature in the JAKI application. Here's how:
   
• Open the JAKI application. If not installed on your smartphone yet, download it first from the Google Play Store or Apple App Store.
• Select "All" from the feature list on the JAKI homepage.
• Click the Camera button at the bottom center of the homepage.
• Click Create Report.
• Take a photo of the report.
• Click Use.
• Set the Location.
• Write a description of the location's specific characteristics. Click Next.
• Write the report description.
• Select the report category.
• Check "Yes, I agree."
• Click Submit.

The Citizen Report feature in JAKI ensures your anonymity as the reporter. However, to further ensure identity confidentiality, try not to photograph reports containing personal identities.

Those were the three river pollutants in Jakarta along with simple ways to minimize them. Hopefully, this information can help you maintain environmental cleanliness, especially in rivers. By preserving river cleanliness, we are also safeguarding environmental health, saving aquatic habitats, and ensuring the availability of quality water resources for future generations.